General Principle
Revista Enfoques recognizes that generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools may be used as support in the processes of research and academic writing. However, the intellectual, methodological, and ethical responsibility for the manuscript rests exclusively with its authors.
The use of AI does not replace human authorship or individual academic accountability.

Author Responsibility
Authors are fully responsible for:

• the accuracy of data, citations, and references;
• the originality of the argument;
• methodological integrity; and
• compliance with research ethics standards.

The use of AI does not exempt or lessen such responsibility.

Mandatory Disclosure of AI Use
Any substantive use of AI tools in the preparation of the manuscript must be explicitly disclosed at the time of submission.
The disclosure must indicate:

• the tool used;
• the purpose of use (for example: drafting support, bibliographic synthesis, preliminary structuring); and
• confirmation that the content was reviewed and validated by the author.

This disclosure may be included in the methodology section, in a section entitled “AI Use Disclosure,” or in the acknowledgements.
A disclosure is not required when the tool has been used exclusively for basic spelling or grammatical correction.

Specific Prohibitions
The following are not permitted:

• listing AI tools as authors or co-authors of the manuscript;
• using AI to generate, alter, or manipulate original empirical data;
• including unverified bibliographic references; and
• uploading entire manuscripts or substantial portions thereof to platforms that claim rights over the content or use it for training without explicit consent.

Protection of Rights and Confidentiality
Authors must ensure that the tool used does not:

• claim ownership rights over the content;
• restrict the possibility of subsequent publication; or
• violate confidentiality obligations, data protection requirements, or privacy standards.

Use of AI in the Evaluation Process
Peer review is an academic human process and cannot be delegated to AI tools.
Reviewers:

• must not upload manuscripts, tables, figures, or substantial parts of the text into external AI tools; and
• may use AI tools only to improve the formal wording of their reports, while retaining full responsibility for their content.

Editorial Decision
The final assessment of the appropriateness of AI use in a manuscript lies with the Editorial Committee.
Failure to disclose AI use, improper use, or violation of this policy may result in:

• a request for clarification;
• further review;
• rejection of the manuscript; or
• retraction if already published.

Policy Updates
Given the rapid development of these technologies, Revista Enfoques may update this policy in line with evolving international standards in academic publishing ethics.

These policies on the use of artificial intelligence in the journal were prepared with reference to the Wiley Author Guidelines on AI Tools, adapted to the context and procedures of our publication.